1 NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY USA2 Dept. of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia Univ., New York, NY USA3 Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, City College of New York, NY USA4 University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA5 NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA USA* Corresponding author: Allegra N. LeGrande ([email protected] | [email protected] )