Antonio Cascio

and 5 more

IIntroduction: Influenza is an acute respiratory infection that usually causes a short-term and self-limiting illness. In high-risk populations, this can lead to several complications with an increase in mortality. Several studies have investigated the relationship between influenza and acute cardio and cerebrovascular events. Reviews of the thromboembolic complications associated with influenza are lacking. Objectives: the study aims to conduct a scoping review to analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients suffering from influenza and thromboembolic complications. Materials and methods: A computerized search of historical published cases using PubMed and the terms “influenza” or “flu” and “thrombosis” or “embolism” or “thromboembolism” or “stroke” or “infarct” was conducted. Only articles reporting detailed data on patients with thromboembolic complications of laboratory-confirmed influenza were considered eligible for inclusion. Results: 57 cases with laboratory documented influenza A or B and a related intravascular thrombosis were retrieved. Their characteristics were analyzed along with that of a patient who motivated our search. The localizations of thrombo-embolic events were pulmonary embolism 21/58 (36.2 %), DVT 12/58 (20.6 %), DVT and pulmonary embolism 3/58 (5.1 %), acute ischemic stroke 11/58 (18.9 percent), arterial thrombosis 4/58 (6.8 percent), and acute myocardial infarction 5/58. (8.6 %). Discussion: Our findings are important in clarifying which thromboembolic complications are more frequent in adults and children with influenza. Symptoms of pulmonary embolism and influenza can be very similar, so a careful clinical evaluation is required for proper patient management, possible instrumental deepening, and appropriate pharmacological interventions, especially for patients with respiratory failure.