Negligence in healthcare system paves to become major cause for occurrence and recurrence of most infectious diseases. Leptospirosis is one among those neglected 17 tropical infections listed by WHO. Leptospirosis is epidemic in tropical country like India and prevalent throughout the nation. About 60% of human infections are of zoonotic origin and 75% of these infections are emerging and re-emerging. The pathogenic infection gets transmitted to humans by animals via infected water bodies (indirect transmission) or by direct contact with them. From the inferred data it can be concluded that people of different occupations namely irrigation/ agricultural people, sewage workers, fishermen, volunteers for natural disasters, people involved in fresh water sports are susceptible to indirect transmission. In case of direct/ indirect transmission via animals, veterinary healthcare service providers, butchers, animal caretakers, etc., are susceptible for acquiring the infection. Being zoonosis, the intervention or policy making for controlling the infection must be multi-sectorial and holistic. ‘One Health Concept’ is a holistic approach, which has been in practice dating back to Hippocrates period and now gaining popularity. The concept encompasses human, animal and environmental health equally and facilitates in controlling infection by either controlling two or all the factors. The study will review on imparting one health concept as a suitable approach for tackling against the Leptospirosis infection since this approach could possibly hinder the transmission cycle of the infection that is almost believed to be impossible to manage. This review extensively discusses about the major research gap that needs to be addressed immediately to apply one health approach to control leptospirosis and how to bring out relevant information with the limited available data. The key inference area of transmission and one health approach to control leptospiral infection is proposed and the repercussions discussed in detail.

The world is now experiencing the catastrophe of global pandemic ‘COVID-19’, most serious public health crises in this century. Recently, another virus named “Cat Que Virus” (CQV) seems to be causing its terrible repercussions in the worlds’ largest populous country ‘China’, the origin of SARS-CoV during 2002-2003, and the current pandemic SARS-CoV-2 since December 2019. Recently, the presence of IgG antibody among two persons in the state of Karnataka for CQV was reported in India, the worlds’ second-largest populous country. This means the virus is in circulation in the sub-continent. The presence of the vector mosquitoes (Aedes species, Culex species) and the ambient climatic conditions suitable for vector breeding in the country needs to be taken into account while planning to implement holistic strategies appropriate for control and preventive measures. “One Health approach” is the topmost option covering humans, animals/vectors and the environment to curb the spread/transmission of infectious diseases in general. It is also necessary to study the transmission dynamics and pattern of this emerging virus, its life cycle, the natural reservoir of the virus, the intermediate host and the accidental host with respect South-East Asia, so that necessary remedial action can be planned well before an epidemic. At present, the outbreak of CQV is certainly a warning to the general population around the world. Considering the global imminent health threats posed by CQV, there is an urgent need for active surveillance, monitoring, effective vaccination, and a standard treatment modality of this disease. Given the epidemiological aspect of CQV, control and prevention measures are essential to stop the spread of the virus. At present, there is no information available on CQV; however, this current review article has covered the required data, which will be helpful to control the spread of the CQV.