Background: Evidence suggests that patients afflicted with COVID-19 are subject to significant risks of thromboembolic complications. We aimed to evaluate the occurrence of coagulation disorders in patients suffering from COVID-19 and determine its relationship with the disease outcome. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 106 COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil, Iran. After the preliminary completion of the information forms, 3 cc of intravenous blood sample was taken from each of the patients to check the patients’ INR, PT, CBC, and D-dimer. The patients were monitored. Finally, the results obtained from these clinical assessments and tests were all recorded in checklists and statistically analyzed using SPSS Software, Version 19. Results: Of the total 106 COVID-19 patients who entered the study, 69 cases were discharged from the hospital alive while the other 37 cases died. The mean age of the patients was 58.99±15.94 years and 56.6% of them were male. There were significant differences between the survived and the deceased patients in terms of D-dimer, LDH, PT, and INR levels (p<0.05). Based on the results of logistic regression analysis, only D-dimer was found to have a significant effect on predicting mortality. More specifically, with the increase of each 1 unit in D-dimer level, the mortality risk increased by 0.99%. Conclusion: D-dimer has a higher sensitivity in comparison with other markers of coagulation and is of relatively greater value in terms of intensity. Compared to the high prevalence of thrombotic events, bleeding is not that common; therefore, standard anticoagulant therapy is highly recommended.

Background: Overweight, obesity and lack of sleep quality as inflammatory states are the common problems among college students and the Association of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with these problems among this population is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of the DII with obesity and sleep quality among Iranian female students. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 249 female college students. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was calculated using a valid and reliable 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). To assess sleep quality, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used. Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were estimated for anthropometric indices and sleep quality according to DII score. Linear regression was used to estimate the relationship between DII score with sleep and anthropometric indices. Results: There was a significant association evident between DII and sleep quality(> 5 is considered as poor quality of sleep); i.e., the odds ratios between DII quartile 2 vs 1 (unadjusted model: OR= 0.33 (CI: 0.14-0.74), P for trend =0.002; model 1: the fully adjusted OR= 0.31(CI: 0.12-0.78), P for trend = 0.005; model 2:OR=0.30 (CI:0.12-0.78), P for trend = 0.005) to quartile 4(unadjusted model: OR= 1.13(CI: 0.45-2.80); model 1: OR= 1.11(CI: 0.44-2.79); model 2:OR=1.13(CI:0.44-2.87), P for trend = 0.005). Also, odds ratios increased significantly from quartile 2 to quartile 4 in all models for DII and sleep quality. According to the continuous score of DII, there was a significant positive association between DII and sleep quality in all 3 models: unadjusted, model 1, and model 2 (OR= 1.21 (CI: 1.05-1.40), OR= 1.21 (CI: 1.03-1.43), and OR= 1.22 (CI: 1.03-1.44), respectively. Conclusions: In this study, after removing the effect of confounding factors, participants in the highest quartile of DII score had significantly higher PSQI global score.