Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents an international public health concern as one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide. It is the fifth most

common cancer and the third cancer-related death worldwide. It is rarely to be detected early and usually fatal within a few months of diagnosis. HCC is represented

by 85%-90% of primary liver cancers accounting for 3.5% and 7.5% of all cancers  among women and men, respectively and accounts for half a million deaths per year.

Although this disease typically affects elderly males, there has been a shift towards relatively younger age groups in recent years. In patients who are not transplant

candidates, HCC is particularly lethal, with a 5-year survival of less than 5%

(Poustchi et al., 2010).content goes here

The present study was conducted on 105 subjects and was divided into 5 groups on the basis of the clinical, laboratory, and radiological data:

Group I : included 19 persons who were HCV-antibody negative

Group  II : included 45 primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients. They were  40 males and 5 females.

Group III : included 20 anti HCV antibodies positive cirrhosis patients .they were 14 males and 6

females.

Group III: included 11 NASH patients . They were 7 males and 4females.

All subjects were subjected to Full history taking and clinical assessment including: Age, residence, and occupation and the following investigations:

A- Routine laboratory investigations: Including

complete blood counts, serum glucose, albumin, bilirubin, ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, GGT, Cr, AFP, calcium, virological assessment, schistosoma mansoni and plasma

fibrinogene.

B- Special investigations: including

Serum ferritin, Aflatoxin albumin adduct, VEGF, vitamin B12, Genomic DNA extraction from peripheral blood leucocytes then genotyping of:

 RASSF1A gene Ala133Ser polymorphism by PCR-RFLP technique.

 P53 gene R249Ser mutation by PCR-RFLP technique

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