Integrating hydrogeomorphological principles into the restoration of degraded rivers can achieve sustainable results for a variety of objectives and human benefits that are consistent with the potential functioning of rivers as well as their uses. Despite recent management approaches inspired by these principles, several restoration projects largely involve controlling river processes and target specific one-dimensional objectives often associated with the habitat of a few high-valued fish species or with rivers steadiness and aesthetics. Although there is overall a lack of post-project monitoring, several projects appear to have failed or had mixed success. This research aims to answer the question: What are the real drivers behind river restoration projects? Four restoration projects in Quebec (Canada) were characterized through a qualitative research process of support and interviews with the organizations running them as well as with two representatives of ministries involved in river restoration and management. The results identify two major drivers for the formulation of restoration objectives: project funding and stakeholder expertise. We propose a new analytical framework including these drivers, which appear to act as both conditions and motivations guiding the objectives of the projects and their diversity. Following diverse sociocultural and legislative contexts shaping these drivers, they may facilitate or restrict the integration of hydrogeomorphological principles towards diversified objectives and benefits. This supports regulation that is better informed by scientific knowledge about hydrogeomorphological and sociocultural river dynamics, knowledge sharing between academic researchers and environmental organizations, and collaboration between stakeholders and communities living around rivers.