Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are ubiquitous peroxidases that can remove excess of free radicals produced under stress conditions, thereby protecting cells from oxidative damage. They are also involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and redox-dependent signaling by performing redox interactions with other proteins and altering their redox status. Here, Prx gene families (Prxs) were identified in the trio of Brachypodium species (B. distachyon, B. stacei and B. hybridium) using bioinformatic tools and classified into four distinct groups based on the phylogenetic analysis. Analysis of their subcellular locations showed that the majority of which were mainly located in the chloroplast and mitochondria. In silico expression analysis showed that BdPrxs genes are tissue-specific. RT-qPCR analysis of BdPrxs genes revealed their differential expression in B. distachyon when exposed to salt or drought stresses. In addition, the upregulation of BdPrx genes was accompanied by an accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The exogenous application of H2O2 induced the expression of almost all BdPrxs genes in both leaves and roots of B. distachyon plants. Overall, our results indicate the functional specificity for BdPrxs beside their potential role in development, and abiotic stress response presumably via the maintenance of redox homeostasis. Our data provided a solid basis for further studies on the biological functions of Prx genes in B. distachyon and other monocotyledonous plants.