COVID-19 is a deadly pandemic affecting cities in the US, which slows down life and has affected many different sectors of our daily lives such as business, travel, hospitality, and education. With the growing COVID-19 cases, some of the states have issued advisories to the people to stay home and keep social distancing. It has been observed that people have followed the social distancing regulations in some states, whereas in others the regulations were not heeded. We have analyzed various atmospheric parameters over the capital cities of the US during the COVID-19 lockdown. We have carried out an analysis of the daily Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) data derived from the MODIS Terra, Aqua, and AIRS satellite, which could provide information about the decline in traffic emissions during the period January – June 2020. Comparison of this data with the same period of 2019 shows a decline in AOD and NO2 which can be due to the fact that some of the US capitals have strictly followed social distancing and some of the states ignored and as a result the COVID-19 cases have surged in many cities. We have studied PM2.5 using the published data from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the total column of ozone retrieved from OMI AURA satellite. A decline in the particle matter (PM2.5) and observed an increase in the total column of ozone. The COVID-19 lockdown shows an improvement in air quality, good for human health but on the other hand, lockdown has seriously impacted the day to day life.

The east coast of India is prone to tropical cyclones. During pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, almost every year, cyclones are developed over the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea. On 20 May 2020, tropical cyclone Amphan made initial landfall at Bakkhali in the West Bengal, India at 2:30 PM (local time) with wind velocity more than 175 km/h, which further intensified and moved into adjoining Bangladesh coastal areas on 21 May 2020 with highest wind speed 260 km/h. The cyclone formed on 16 May 2020 and dissipated finally on 21 May 2020. More than 22,000 houses in Coastal parts of West Bengal, and nearly 220,000 houses in Bangladesh coastal areas were damaged, and approximately 4.2 millions of people in both the countries were relocated to safe places. This cyclone affected many of the eastern states of India and 9 coastal districts of Bangladesh due to heavy rainfall that caused deadly flood. In West Bengal, Kolkata airport was flooded, and all the flights were closed. We have carried out analysis of meteorological and atmospheric parameters that helped in formation of the cyclone. Detailed analysis of multi satellite sensors, ground and Argo data have been carried out that show pronounced changes in ecological, atmospheric and ocean color parameters. The ocean parameters such as chlorophyll concentration, dissolved oxygen, salinity, sea surface and sub-surface temperature show strong changes in ocean ecology that have serious impacts on the marine life. Strong stratospheric-tropospheric exchange caused the rise in various trace gases close to the ground. A detailed damage analysis along the Eastern part of India and Bangladesh coast and major nearby cities and migration of the population from the affected region will be discussed.