Application of 3D photogrammetry on the quantification of complex
morphometric hard coral, Acropora digitifera
Abstract
1. Coral growth rate is one of the common measurements used as an
indicator of coral reef health. The traditional approach is by directly
measuring the linear extension rate. Yet, this method is a
one-dimensional measurement where it underestimated actual coral growth
due to coral morphotypes. Therefore, a multidimensional measurement
would provide a better understanding on coral dynamic growth. Moreover,
current practices are either invasive or needs a sample to be sacrificed
therefore unfeasible for repeated sampling. This study aims to evaluate
the accuracy of 3D-photogrammetry by comparing with standardised
stainless steel gauge blocks of known dimensions. Also, aluminium foil
wrap methods were compared with 3D photogrammetry to examine coral
surface area of different morphotypes. 2. To explore the application of
3D-photogrammetry, 10 coral nubbins (approximately 3cm) of
Acropora digitifera were taken from Pulau Bidong and transported
back to the mesocosm system. Three different approaches were tested,
they are (1) Photo-geometry linear extension (LE) rate using ImageJ
software, (2) buoyant weight (BW), and (3) surface area (SA) estimation
via 3D-photogrammetry modelling using Agisoft Photoscan software. Coral
growth rates were measured every 14 days. 3. The coral growth was
significantly reduced at week-8 as showed by the reduction in LE rate
and BW values, while SA values increased exponentially. This was
believed due to energy shift to form thin calcified layer at the base of
the nubbins for stabilisation. 4. This finding suggests corals
prioritise in establishment of a base for stability over linear growth
after the asexual fragmentation. 3D photogrammetry allows a better
understanding of corals’ life history strategy by recreating fairly
accurate estimates of real objects (irregular coral) without sacrificing
and removing it from water. In conclusion, this method further
contributes to understanding coral performances after it is transplanted
and for future in-situ long term coral monitoring purposes.