Valve-Sparing Aortic Root Replacement by Congenital Heart Surgeons: A
Single Center Experience.
Abstract
Background Aortic root dilatation and aortic insufficiency can
occur in patients with prior conotruncal defect surgery, the Ross
procedure, and connective tissue disease (CTD). Valve-sparing aortic
root replacement (VSRR) is an excellent choice for these young patients.
We present the outcomes of young patients undergoing VSRR by congenital
heart surgeons at a single center. Methods A single center
retrospective chart review from April 2008 – April 2021 was performed.
Patients with aortic root and valve pathology who underwent VSRR were
identified. A total of 49 patients were identified by using the hospital
surgical database. Three VSRR techniques were utilized during the study
period; aortic valve-sparing root remodeling (Group 1, 7 patients),
aortic valve-sparing root reimplantation (Group 2, 32 patients), and a
modified root remodeling procedure utilizing a geometric annuloplasty
ring (Group 3, 10 patients). Patient characteristics, post-VSRR
echocardiogram studies and need for intervention, and survival were
analyzed. Results Long-term survival after VSRR is excellent
with only one death related to cardiac causes. Valve degeneration
remains a concern with 13 patients (26%) requiring subsequent aortic
valve replacement over the study period. Risk factors for aortic valve
reintervention were the aortic root remodeling technique, mild or
greater immediate post-operative aortic insufficiency and higher
post-operative mitral insufficiency. Follow-up was significantly longer
in Group 1 patients compared to Groups 2 and 3. Conclusions
Valve-sparing aortic root replacement is safely performed by congenital
heart surgeons in a heterogeneous patient population. Valve degeneration
remains a concern and greater than trivial post-operative aortic
insufficiency should prompt further attempts at valve repair or
replacement.