Lacking sex-specific temperature preferences of 9 coexisting temperate
sepsid dung fly species (Diptera: Sepsidae)
Abstract
Many similar sepsid dung fly species coexist on European pastures,
contradicting conventional wisdom of niche theory and competitive
exclusion. We hypothesized that closely-related sepsid species on the
same pasture in Switzerland avoid each other by having different
spatio-temporal microhabitat niche preferences, thus enabling
coexistence. A thermal racetrack experiment in the laboratory tested the
thermal preferences of males and females of 9 coexisting temperate
Sepsis dung fly species from Switzerland at two acclimation
temperatures. The sepsid species investigated here showed no strong
differences in thermal preferences. Flies of all species preferred to
settle at cooler temperatures, and otherwise utilized the entire range
(from 12°C to 30°C) offered for their activities. This was the case for
both sexes, and also for both acclimation temperatures (18°C, 24°C). Our
findings suggest that physiological thermal adaptation or acclimation is
not an important mechanism by which adult sepsid flies avoid
interspecific competition. Our experiment supports previous findings of
widespread sepsid flies lacking local adaptation but high phenotypic
plasticity, again highlighting the necessity of experimentally assessing
putative biological mechanisms facilitating coexistence.