Recent Advances in Nanomaterials mediated Mild Photothermal Therapy for
Biomedical Application
Abstract
Mild photothermal therapy (MPTT) generates therapeutic effect at the
temperature below 45 ℃, which has the advantages of controllable
treatment efficacy, reduced drug dosage, lower hyperthermia
temperatures, and minimize damage to healthy tissues. MPTT can kill
tumor cells at lower temperatures by blocking heat shock proteins (HSPs)
expression without harming nearby healthy cells. Despite significant
progress in MPTT, it remains primarily in the stages of basic and
clinical research and has not yet seen widespread clinical adoption due
to several technical challenges. In this review, we provide a
comprehensive overview of the recent development of MPTT, emphasizing
its anti-tumor mechanisms, the characteristics of commonly used
photothermal agents (PTAs), and their biomedical applications.
Specifically, we address the key obstacles facing MPTT and propose
potential solutions, and explore the status of MPTT combined with other
anti-tumor therapies and discuss its broader applications in areas such
as anti-infection, obesity treatment, and vascular disease treatment.
Finally, we look ahead to future research directions in MPTT, aiming to
further enhance its efficiency and safety while developing new
strategies for high-efficiency MPTT.