The novel virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is highly virulent and causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), resulting in high morbidity and mortality mainly associated with pulmonary complications. Because this virus is highly transmissible, it was quickly spread globally, resulting in COVID-19 being declared as a pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of mortality and factors related to mortality due to COVID-19 in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) at a university hospital in the Central-West region of Brazil. This retrospective cross-sectional study was based on an analysis of the medical records of patients with SARS aged >18 years and admitted to an intensive care unit due to COVID-19 with the requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation. Hospital death was considered as an outcome variable in this study. Moreover, demographic and lifestyle-related variables as well as the therapeutic measures used during the hospital stay were recorded and correlated with the death outcome. After excluding 188 medical records, 397 were analyzed. Most participants were men (59.7%), and the mortality rate in patients with SARS due to COVID 19 was 46.1%. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the independent factors associated with mortality in patients with SARS due to COVID 19 were the age of >60 years (p = 0.000) and use of azithromycin (p = 0.012). The mortality rate in patients with SARS due to COVID 19 and mortality was associated with older age and use of azithromycin.