Genetic and gender factor affect lipid profiles of patients receiving
statin treatment in the east coast region of Peninsular Malaysia
Abstract
Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of genetic
polymorphisms on lipid profiles of statin users. Methods: This
retrospective cross-sectional study involved 229 hyperlipidaemic statin
users in east coast region of Peninsular Malaysia. DNA was extracted
from patients’ blood (3mL) and SNP genotyping was performed using
PCR-RFLP. Lipid profiles were evaluated before and after statin
administration. Multi-factorial impact on the attainment of LDL goal of
<2.6mmol/L was assessed by multivariate binary regression.
Results: The participants were mostly females (53.3%), Malays (96.1%)
and treated with atorvastatin (64.2%). Minor allele frequency (MAF) of
the studied SNPs as follow; ABCG2 rs2231142 = 0.12, ABCC2 rs717620=
0.58, APOE rs429358 and rs7412 = 0.35, GATM rs9806699 = 0.63, COQ2
rs4693075= 0.96, and APOA5 rs662799= 0.45. Before statin treatment,
ABCG2 rs2231142 (P=0.035) and APOA5 rs662799 (P=0.007) carriers had
greater HDL-c levels while ABCC2 rs717620 carriers had higher TC
(P=0.040) and LDL-c values (P=0.022). After statin treatment, the
following SNPs have affected the lipid profiles; ABCC2 rs717620 (lower
TG, P=0.009), APOA5 rs662799 (higher HDL, P=0.031; lower TG, P=0.037)
and ABCG2 rs2231142 (higher TC, P=0.038). Furthermore, males were
affected lipid profiles significantly than females in APOA5 rs662799
(lower TG, P= 0.038; higher HDL, P= 0.006). Of all independent variables
tested, only pravastatin users were predicted patient’s achieving
LDL-target of <2.6 mmol/L (P=0.040, OR=0.110, 95%
CI=0.013-0.902). Conclusion: ABCC2 rs717620, APOA5 rs662799 and ABCG2
rs2231142, as well patient gender, determined different lipid profiles
either with or without statin treatment in a subset of Malaysian
population.