This is an integrative review with database research carried out in the electronic databases Medline, Embase, LILACs and the Virtual Health Library with the aim of investigating original and observational studies that address the body temperature defined for febrile neutropenia (FN) and its evolution in pediatric patients. The temperature value in the literature is variable, noting that the diagnosis tended from values of ≥38°C (Axillary) and ≥38.3°C (Oral) as a single measurement, without consensus in the selected studies. Regarding adverse events and outcomes, there is heterogeneity of populations and the methodology used to assess body temperature, which makes comparisons between studies difficult. More robust evidence, or studies that relate thermal curve values to clinical outcomes of can be important in the construction of pediatric cancer patient stratification.