Effects of Congruity between Criterion of choosing and Word Pair Type on
Intentional Memory
- Hiroshi Toyota
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between the recall of chosen words
and congruity between the selection criterion and type of pairs in
intentional memory. Participants were asked to select a more pleasant or
unpleasant word from two types of pairs, pleasant--neutral and
unpleasant--neutral, and to remember the chosen word presented in the
learning phase, followed by the free recall phase. Although the pleasant
words selected from the pleasant--neutral pairs were equally recalled as
in the unpleasant--neutral pairs, the chosen unpleasant words from
unpleasant--neutral pairs were recalled more often than those in the
pleasant--neutral pairs. These results suggest that the recall of the
chosen words was determined by the congruity between the criteria of
choosing and the type of paired words and the negativity bias in memory.