<div>Figure 1. An example of a booklet page corresponding to each condition
as a function of types of choice condition (self-choice or
forced-choice), word pairs (pleasant-neutral or unpleasant-neutral), and
criterion (pleasantness or unpleasantness).</div><div>RESULTS</div><div>Words recalled correctly were counted based on the categories of chosen
and non-chosen words for each choice condition. The mean percentages of
chosen and non-chosen words correctly recalled by the type of choice
(self-choice and forced-choice), type of word pair (pleasant–neutral
and unpleasant–neutral), and type of criterion (pleasantness and
unpleasantness) are shown in Table 1.</div><div><i>Chosen word recall.</i> A two (type of choice) × two (type of word
pair) × two (type of criterion) analysis of variance was conducted to
determine the percentage of chosen words correctly recalled shown in the
upper part of Table 1. This analysis showed significant interaction
solely between the type of word pair and criterion (<i>F</i> 1,28= 10.16;
p&lt;.01, η<sup>2</sup>=.04). Comparisons performed for
this interaction showed that although the simple effect of the type of
criterion was not significant in the pleasant–neutral pair
(<i>F</i> 1,56 = 2.38, ns), this simple effect was significant in the
unpleasant–neutral pair (<i>F</i> 1, 56 = 9.52, <i>p</i> &lt;.01).
The words chosen by the unpleasantness criterion were recalled more
often than those chosen by the pleasantness criterion in
unpleasant–neutral word pairs, but the difference in recall performance
between the two was not observed in pleasant–neutral word pairs.</div><div><i>Non-chosen word recall.</i> The same analysis of variance was
conducted for the percentage of non-chosen words correctly recalled, as
shown in the lower part of Table 1. This analysis showed that only the
main effect of type of choice (<i>F</i> 1, 27 = 22.12;<i>p</i> &lt;.001, η<sup>2</sup>=.10) was significant.
Non-chosen words in the self-choice condition were recalled more often
than those in the forced-choice condition.</div><div>DISCUSSION</div><div>Table 1</div><div>Mean percentages of correct recall of chosen and non-chosen words as a
function of type of choice, word pair, and criterion.</div>