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The contracts show the result of opaque sales practices, manipulation, and varying degrees of negotiation skill: publishers can charge vastly different prices for the same products and services. Keep in mind they are selling to nonprofit institutions whose members  \begin{itemize}  \item conduct groundbreaking and lifesaving research (often taxpayer-funded)  \item volunteer their time and talent to the publishers' \href{https://www.authorea.com/20770-peer-review-problems}{peer review process} \item pay for the submission of  articlessubmitted and  published to in  journals \item and are now buying it all back.  \end{itemize}  Also keep in mind that top publishers have profit margins on the order 30\% or more.  In the mid 1990s, with the shift from print-only to digital distribution, economic formulations changed. No longer would a research university \textit{need} to subscribe to multiple copies of in-demand journals. No longer would storage space play a significant role in decisions (e.g. storage and maintenance costs for a 2500 page journal volume range from \$300-1000). No longer would impact be a limiting factor for purchased titles, or \href{https://www.authorea.com/users/9932/articles/10529/_show_article}{as it's now emerging}, should it even be. And publishers could now offer their whole catalog of journals at one discounted “Big Deal” price. In the words of Derk Haank, then Elsevier and current CEO of Springer: Springer CEO:  \begin{quote}  But what it [electronic publishing] does do is to \textbf{\textit{dramatically lower the marginal costs of allowing access}}.... [The cost for each new users] is virtually nil and that means that we should be more creative in the business model.... where we make a deal with the university, the consortia or the whole country, where we say for this amount we will allow all your people to use our material, unlimited, 24 hours per day. And, basically the price then depends on a rough estimate of how useful is that product for you; and we can adjust it over time. [emphasis added]  \end{quote} 
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\begin{quote}  “A bundle whose price increased by 5.5\% per year would \textbf{double its price between 1999 and 2012}, whereas over the same period the US consumer price index rose by 38\%.” [emphasis added]  \end{quote}  What's more, such "creative" business models force library administrators to try to quantify abstractions like thereal  value of information. Information, however, is context dependent. The difference of opinion on a given paper's importance could range from "meaningless" to a critical insight for unraveling a disease pathway.   At the end of the day then, the all-inclusive "Big Deal" bundle may be easiest – if an institution has the funds. If cost limits access, however, researchers often rely on helpful colleagues from better-equipped campuses to e-mail them requested articles. Another option, when access is out of reach or publication is slow (e.g. a year from submission to e-publication is common for some Statistics journals), is pre-print repositories like \href{arxiv.org}{arXiv}. The problem: the articles aren't peer-reviewed, its essentially a bulletin board.