X. Michalet edited Introduction.tex  about 8 years ago

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\subsection{Open Science and Reproducibility}  In Over  the last past  20 years, single molecule FRET (smFRET), (smFRET)  has emerged as grown into  one of the most useful techniques in single-molecule spectroscopy~\cite{Weiss_1999,Hohlbein_2014}.  Except a few specific While it is possible to extract information on subpopulations using  ensemble time-resolved measurements~\cite{Lerner_2014,Rahamim_2015}, measurements (e.g. ~\cite{Lerner_2014,Rahamim_2015}),  smFRET unique feature is the its  ability to very straightforwardly  resolve conformational changes of biomolecules or measure binding-unbinding kinetics on in  heterogeneous samples. smFRET measurements on freely diffusing molecules (the focus of this paper) have the additional  advantage over measurements performed on immobilized molecules,  of probing allowing to probe  molecules and processes withoutpossible  perturbation from surface immobilization~\cite{Dahan_1999,Eggeling_1998}. immobilization or additional functionalization needed for surface attachment~\cite{Dahan_1999,Eggeling_1998}.  The field increasing amount  of work using  freely-diffusing smFRETdata analysis,  has seen resulted in  a growing  number of significant theoretical  contributions over to  the years~\cite{Fries_1998,Eggeling_2001,Zhang_2005,Gopich_2005,Lee_2005,Nir_2006,Antonik2006,Gopich_2007,Gopich_2008,Camley_2009,Santoso_2010,Torella_2011,Tomov_2012}.  Historically, each specific topic of data analysis~\cite{Fries_1998,Eggeling_2001,Zhang_2005,Gopich_2005,Lee_2005,Nir_2006,Antonik2006,Gopich_2007,Gopich_2008,Camley_2009,Santoso_2010,Torella_2011,Tomov_2012}. Despite this profusion of methods, most  research group have implemented its groups still rely on their  own private version implementation  ofanalysis software (oftentimes highly dependent on  a particular setup  configuration) limited number of methods,  with almost no very little  collaboration or code sharing. Even in To clarify this statement, let us point that  our group, own group's  past smFRET papers merely mention the usage use  of custom-made software without additional details~\cite{Lee_2005,Nir_2006}. This situation makes Even though some of this software tools are made available upon request, or shared publicly on websites (whether as source code or executable),  it remains  hard to reproduce and validateand to build upon  results from different groups.  Moreover, groups, let alone build upon them.   Additionally,  as new methods are proposed in literature, it is oftentimes hard generally difficult  to quantify their performances. performance compared to other methods.  An independent quantitative assessment  would require a complete reimplementation, an efforta  few groups can afford. As a results, potentially useful analysis improvements  are either  rarely or slowly  adopted by the community at large. community.  In contrast with other consolidated established  traditions such as sharing protocols and samples, for in the domain of  scientific software, we have relegated ourselves to islands of non-communication.  From a more general stance, non-availability of codes