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Michela Ceria edited section_Bytes_The_polynomials_in__.tex
about 6 years ago
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\item[ii)] $A\setminus\{0\}$ is an abelian group w.r.t. the product of polynomials;
\item[iii)] $(f+g)\cdot h=fh+gh$, for any $f,g,h \in A$.
\end{itemize}
We have already observed that $g$ Since $A$ is
irreducible (see Exercise \ref{FunzPoly}); now formed by polynomials, properties i) and iii) are obvious.
As regards ii), we
can need only to prove
it also showing that each nonzero element in $A$ has an inverse:
\begin{itemize}
\item $1\cdot 1=1$ so $1$ is the inverse of itself;
\item $x(x+1)=\underline{x^2}+x=^{\mathrm{substitution}}\,
\underline{(x+1)}+x=x+1+x=1$ so,$x$ and $x+1$ are mutually inverse. \underline{(x+1)}+x=x+1+x=1$, so in $A$,
$$\frac{1}{x+1}=x,\, \frac{1}{x}=x+1.$$
\end{itemize}
We have already observed that $g$ is irreducible (see Exercise \ref{FunzPoly}); now we can prove it also showing that
Now consider the polynomial $h=x^2+1$. We can easily note that it is reducible, since $h=(x+1)^2$.
The set of reminders modulo $h$ is the same $A =\{0,1,x,x+1\}$ as before, but the relation imposed on $A$ by $h$ does not make it a field. Indeed, $x+1\in A$ has no inverse. Indeed
$$(x+1)\cdot 0=0,\, (x+1)\cdot 1=x+1,\, (x+1)\cdot x=\underline{x^2}+x=^{\mathrm{substitution}}\, \underline{1}+x,\,