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6.  Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1986) awarded to John Polanyi for: elucidating the dynamics of chemical elementary processes.

 processes.

  href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110514003839fw_/http://www.utoronto.ca/jpolanyi/profile/">Rejection: "Physical Review Letters rejected the paper as lacking scientific interest. Shortly thereafter they rejected T. Maiman's report of the first operating laser, on the same grounds. Polanyi read about this second rejection, quite by chance, while holidaying on an island in Georgian Bay. On returning to Toronto in September of 1960 he submitted the identical manuscript to the Journal of Chemical Physics, where it was promptly published."