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Pascal's Triangle

While trying to solve a problem about gambling, Blaise Pascal discovered Pascal’s triangle (Benjamin, 2009 pg. 19). As we will see soon, this triangle relates to other topics in combinatorics quite heavily.

In digression, suppose that you wanted to figure out the expansion of an equation such as \(\left(x+y\right)^2\).We may write this as follows \(\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)=x^2+2xy+y^2\).

Now suppose we wanted to expand out \(\left(x+y\right)^3\).
We may write out \(\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)=x^2+xy+y^2\left(x+y\right)=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3\).
Notice that if we write the coefficients of these polynomials in the form of a triangle, we will see a pattern








 pattern