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Andrew MacGregor edited sectionIntroduction_.tex
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important clue lies in the spectral-type distribution of classical Be stars (i.e. the isolated variety) which
is uniform, and those in high mass X-ray binaries (HMXB) which cluster strongly around spectral type
B0 \cite{Negueruela 1998}. The presence of the neutron-star companion in HMXB has been shown to
affect both the size and density of the disk (e.g.
\cite{Zamanov 1998}). \cite{Zamanov1998}).
Be star disks are very dynamic on timescales of months to years, sometimes exhibiting quasi-periodic
fluctuations in both the equivalent width and profile of the H{$\alpha$} emission line. Occasionaly the disk dissipates and later re-forms.
...
the quasi-periodic behavior (e.g. \cite{Clark2001}. However the perturbing entity has yet to be identified.
In HMXB the neutron star exerts a tidal influence on the circumstellar disk \cite{Okazaki2001},
leading to strings of X-ray outbursts correlated with the binary period (For extensive examples
see
Galache et al 2008). \cite{Galache2008}). The tidal interaction would also be present in the "isolated" Be stars if faint
companions are present, and is plausibly the driver of quasi-periodic disk behavior. This can be tested
by estimating orbital periods from the binary separations and comparing against the disk
quasi-periods.
There is compelling observational evidence for binarity in classical Be-stars: Carrier
et al (2002)
conducted spectroscopic (RV monitoring) of 4 Be stars selected for their periodic photometric
variations, finding two spectroscopic binaries. The period of one of these binaries (398d) closely
matched its photometric
period. period \cite{Carrier2002}. No companions were found for the other 2 stars (one of which was
found to exhibit non-radial pulsations). Companions to a few Be-stars are known at much larger
separations (for example the famous double-star Albireo). With AO we can search the parameter space
not explored by natural imaging and RV studies.
VLT/AO observations by
Kervella et al (2008) \cite{Kervella2008} have found a companion to the closest Be star
"Achernar". The separation is 0.15" (6.7 AU at D=44pc) and the orbital period is about 15 years,
similar to the quasi-periodicity of the circumstellar disk. The spectrum of Achernar-B shows an
A1V-A3V star. The two stars differ in brightness by 3.5 mag.