Paolo Stocchi edited section_Adriatic_Sea_morphology_and__.tex  about 8 years ago

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Marked morphological differences characterize the basin along its longitudinal transversal axes. Accordingly the Adriatic Sea can be divided into three sub-basins (Artegiani et al., 1996 a).  Its northern section is very shallow and gently sloping, with an average bottom depth of about 35 m.   The northern sub-basin spans from the northernmost part to the 100 m bathymetric line (in front of Giulianova, Italy) and is characterised by an extremely shallow mean depth (about 30 m) with a very weak bathymetric gradient along the major axis, and by a strong river runoff (~ 3000 m3 s-1) relative to the receiving basin; in fact, Po and the other northern Italian rivers are believed to be the source of about 20% of the total Mediter- ranean river runoff (Hopkins, 1992).  The middle Adriatic is 140 m deep on average, with the two Pomo Depressions reaching 260 m.   The middle Adriatic is a transition zone between the northern part and the southern sub-basin which shows some open sea conditions. This central zone spans from the 100 m contour to the Pelagosa sill (about 170 m depth), located around the line con- necting Vieste and Split. It is characterised by two depressions, the Pomo (or Jabuka) Pits, having a maximum depth of about 270 m.  The southern section is characterized by a wide depression more than 1200 m deep. The water exchange with the Mediterranean Sea takes place through the Otranto Channel, whose sill is 800 m deep.  The southern sub-basin extends from Pelagosa sill to Otranto sill which divides it from the Ionian Sea. Each of the western and eastern coasts have a narrow continental shelf (20-30 km wide to the shelf break at 200 m depth), a steep continental slope reaching 1000 m and a fairly flat abyssal plain, with a maximum depth of 1270 m (often referred to as the south Adriatic Pit).  The eastern coast is generally high and rocky, whereas the western coast is low and mostly sandy. A large number of rivers discharge into the basin, with significant influence on the circulation, particularly relevant being the Po River in the northern basin, and the ensemble of the Albanian rivers in the southern basin.  The entire western coast is generally regular, sandy and with a gentle slope, while the eastern coast is irregular, with many islands, and a rocky steeply sloping bathymetry.