a4d37beb89cfdc12fe400961f88207206b8dfcbd
Before the Campaign
In the beginning of 2013, the total labor force was 11,286,744, with employed being 10,634,733, and non-Saudi employees were 6,003,616, which is 56,45% of the total employees.class="ltx_cite" data-bib-text="@misc{_labour_aaaa, class="squire-citation ltx_cite" data-bib-text="
@book{_labour_second,
title = {{Labour {Labour {Force} {Survey} 2013 {Round} 1}}, 1},
url = {http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=233&Itemid=162},
publisher = {Central Department Of Statistics \& Information},
annote = {Saudi Population ( 15 Years and Over ) By Administrative Area and Sexand Employed (15 Years and Over ) By Age Group and Main Occupation Groups}, Groups}
}
" data-bib-key="_labour_aaaa" contenteditable="false">_labour_aaaa @book{_labour_????,
title = {Labour {Force} {Survey} 2013 {Round} 1},
url = {http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=233&Itemid=162},
publisher = {Central Department Of Statistics \& Information},
annote = {Saudi Population ( 15 Years and Over ) By Administrative Area and Sexand Employed (15 Years and Over ) By Age Group and Main Occupation Groups}
}" data-bib-key="_labour_second" contenteditable="false" style="cursor: pointer">_labour_second Consistent with our description of the political economy of Saudi, these employees are concentrated in the private sector, in which 99% of the expatriate workers are employed. It can observed that the educational level of their majority is low, as 62.3% are below high school level, therefore 59% are in “support engineering” and “services” occupations; and by sector 26%.5 are in construction, 22.3% in wholesale, and 15% in domestic jobs. In fact, three quarters of jobs created by the Saudi market in the three years between 2009-2011 were fulfilled by foreign workers.
Apparently, most of the the jobs created by the Saudi markets does not require high levels of education. Statistics point to weak qualification of labor force as the working permits for professional occupations that require “high or very high qualification” were only 12% of the total permits.class="squire-citation ltx_cite" class="ltx_cite" data-bib-text="
@book{_labour_first,
title = {Labour {Force} {Survey} 2013 {Round} 1},
url = {http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=233&Itemid=162},
...
url = {http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=233&Itemid=162},
publisher = {Central Department Of Statistics \& Information},
annote = {Saudi Population ( 15 Years and Over ) By Administrative Area and Sexand Employed (15 Years and Over ) By Age Group and Main Occupation Groups}
}" data-bib-key="_labour_first" contenteditable="false" style="cursor: pointer"> contenteditable="false"> href="#_labour_first">_labour_first
Stances of Stakeholders
Interests of business persons and firms are represented through the Chambers of Commerce in 28 cities/provinces across the kingdom, under the umbrella of Council of Saudi Chambers. Chambers of Commerce are one of the few lobbies in Saudi, where two-thirds of the members of Board of Directors are elected every four years, and the remaining third are appointed by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Business persons and firms were cautious at best, and alarming and condemning at worst, while trying to show up supportive of enforcing the Residency Laws and Law of Workmen and Work, and ending unemployment among Saudi youth.
On the highest level of business owners, after more than a year of expiry of extended grace period, Abdulrahman Al-Zamil, Director of Council of Saudi Chambers, was careful to appear in support of the correction campaigns undertaken by the Ministries of Labor and Interior to regulate the saudi markets and end the violations of the foreign labor, emphasizing the importance of enforcing regulations.