WM2

Caroxylic Acids

• Contain -\(COOH\) carboxyl group

• Rest of structure varies

• Can be attached to a benzene ring

• Many derivatives

  • Esters

  • Acid Anhydrides

Hydroxyl Group

• \(OH\)

• Presents in 3 ways

  • Carboxyl

  • Alcohol

  • Phenols

    • Attached to a benzene ring

Acidic Properties of Hydroxyl group

\[\begin{aligned} R-OH+H_2O\rightleftharpoons R-O^-+H_3O^+ && \text{Reaction with Water}\\ H-OH+H_2O\rightleftharpoons H-O^-+H_3O^+ && \text{Water dissociating}\\\end{aligned}\]

The oxonium ion is acidic. The strengths of the acids vary, dependent on how far to the right the equilibrium lies; \[\textup{ethanol}<\textup{water}<\textup{phenol}<\textup{carboxylics}\]

• Phenol can react with Sodium Hydroxide to form salts

• Carboxylics can react with Sodium Hydroxide to form salts

• Carboxylics also react with carbonates and fixx

\[CO_3^{2-}+2H_3O^+\Rightarrow CO_2+3H_2O\]