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Maxwell Fishman edited Section_Introduction.tex
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\section{Introduction}
First proposed in 1973 by Chang and Esaki, resonant tunneling has since become a very well understood and well utilized property in devices\cite{Chang_1974}. Due to the microfabrication capabilities at the time, the devices that could be created were too thick and defective to properly utilized this effect. Early
experiment experiments on this effect were promising, but only showed weak features at unrealistically low temperatures. However, since then microfabrication techniques has greatly improved and tunneling effects can now be well observed and
utilized in devices. utilized. One of the primary uses of this property is in the \textit{resonant tunneling diode}(RTD), in which the double potential barrier system allows for
great strong diode
control and usefulness in devices\cite{Mizuta_1995}. control\cite{Mizuta_1995}.
In this report, the analysis of a theoretical RTD composed of topological insulator material will be carried out and used to compare the properties of this topologically non-trivial RTD to those of a conventional RTD. Topological insulators will be discussed in the following sections, but these materials exhibit unique edge state transport
properties and could
lead to interesting properties if used be useful in an RTD.