Yen-Lin Chen edited ESEM_provides_the_suitable_environment__.tex  over 8 years ago

Commit id: d503636289e326d7f323bcf6656698aa57731f06

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\item[ESD Images] \hfill  the ESD images reflected the surface topology and the protein detectors and functional organs on the membranes of the cells can be clearly seen and identified. The resolution of the ESD images strongly depends upon the environment but are generally below $1 \mu m$ for $20 KeV$ primary beam. The dark and bright contrast represents the relative depth of different cells as discussed in SE sections. The limitation for ESD images is that the internal structures are obscure. The nucleus and other organelles cannot be seen by ESD images.   \item[BSE Images] \hfill   The BSE images are not clear for internal functional structures either since the biological specimens mainly consist of light atoms. Fixation of elements with large atomic number is needed to image specific part parts  of the cells, such as membranes, proteins or chloroplasts. \item[Third] The resolution for BSE images is approximately $10 \mu m$ for $30KeV$ primary beam.   \item[Metal Coating]  \hfill The third etc experiment was done to image the gold coated specimens. Coating is the standard processing technique for conventional SEM but not for ESEM. Both the ESD images and the BSE images for the coated biological specimens (\textit{Spirogyra} and \textit{E. gracilis}) show that the topological and internal information is lost. The thickness of metal coating ranges from $0.1 \sim 10 \mu m$ and the SE cannot escape from even deeper. The large atomic number of gold contributes mainly to the BSE signals, therefore surpress the signal from the cell itself.  \end{description}