mark smits edited From_lab_to_field_Although__.md  almost 8 years ago

Commit id: 897d0c5188e30dd27147febeed9f8d4db7256335

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Tunnels, as described in \citet{Jongmans_1997} are the only quantifiable fungal markers of weathering that remain visible over geological time.  Unfortunately, fungal tunneling either reflects only a small portion of the total effect of fungi on the weathering process, or the fungal impact is negligible, as tunneling contributes less than 0.5% tot total mineral weathering \citep{Smits_2005}.  In a recent paper \citet{Koele_2014} showed that mineral tunneling is not exclusively found under ectomycorrhizal vegetation, but also in forest soils, never exposed to ectomycorrhizal vegetation.   This suggests that tunnels can be formed by other means (e.g. arbuscular mycorrhizal or saptrophic fungi). Work by \citet{[\citeyear{Quirk_2014}]Quirk_2012} \citet[\citeyear{Quirk_2014}]{Quirk_2012}  indeed show that also arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi create weathering trenches on mineral surfaces. ##Isotope tracers