Mark S. Brown edited 20mm Measurements.tex  over 10 years ago

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\subsection{20mm LSO:CeCa Measurements} \label{sec:20mm}  \subsubsection{CTR Results}  To determine to what degree the material and scintillator crystal length contributes to the timing and energy performance we repeat the above measurements with a polished $2\times2\times20$mm$^3$ Ca-co-doped LSO:Ce scintillator crystal. In addition we consider a third `partially wrapped' configuration; namely that we wrap the side faces but leave the face opposing the photodetector unwrapped. In doing so we will reduce the light output and thus the contribution from the backwards reflecting mode. We collect each measurement for 90 minutes.  In figure \ref{fig:confinement-20} the confinement is consistent across all DOI except for the unwrapped configuration. In this case we see a gradual drop off in the number of $\gamma\gamma$ events recorded with increasing DOI. This is due to poor vertical alignment. Due to this, the confinement region lies to the side of the scintillator crystal at higher DOI not within it. In figure \ref{fig:ctrdoi-20} we see that this results in an increasingly larger error in the CTR until not enough events are collected to accurately determine the value at all. Even so, we find that poor alignment whilst degrading the error in the measurement, does not introduce a systematic shift into the CTR. Thus as long as the number of $\gamma\gamma$ events collected is high then alignment is not a critical parameter.     In figure \ref{fig:ctrdoi-20} we see the CTR improves (as in decreases) with increasing amounts of wrapping by 20ps; from unwrapped, to partially wrapped and finally to wrapped. This is due to increased light output as seen in figure \ref{fig:lightoutput-20}. These measurements have lower individual CTR errors than the previous 30mm measurements, likely due to a greater number of $\gamma\gamma$ events recorded. These being namely 5000 for LSO:CeCa compared to 3400 for LYSO:Ce. As the volume of scintillator crystal is the same in both measurements this difference is primarily due to the difference in measurement time. The wrapped CTR is $198\pm2$ps compared to 176$\pm$7ps for the standard coincidence measurement given in [Table 2]\cite{uffray_Jarron_Meyer_Lecoq_2014}. For an equivalent $2\times2\times20$mm$^3$ LYSO:Ce scintillator crystal a CTR of 202.7$\pm$4.0ps in standard coincidence is observed. Therefore we see that LSO:CeCa is a superior material to that of LYSO:Ce. We also see that the CTR is worse in the DOI timing coincidence apparatus than in the standard. This conclusion is in agreement with the 30mm measurements where we see values of 225.0$\pm$3.1ps for the standard coincidence to 239$\pm$4ps in the DOI coincidence apparatus.