Abstract
In time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET), the timing
capabilities of the scintillation-based detector play an important role.
An approach for fast timing is using the so-called metascintillators,
which combine two materials leading to the synergistic blending of their
favourable characteristics. An added effect for BGO-based
metascintillators is taking advantage of better transportation of
Cherenkov photons through UV-transparent materials such as plastic (type
EJ232). To prove this, we use an optimized Coincidence Time Resolution
(CTR) setup based on electronic boards with two output signals (timing
and energy) and near-ultraviolet (NUV) and vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV)
silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) from Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK),
along with different coupling materials. As a reference detector, we
employed a 3×3×5 mm3 LYSO:Ce,Ca crystal pixel coupled with optical
grease to a NUVHD SiPM. The evaluation is based on low threshold
rise-time, energy and time of arrival of event datasets. Timing results
of a BGO and EJ232 metapixel show Detector Time Resolutions (DTRs) of
159 ps for the full photopeak. We demonstrate the possibility of event
discrimination using subsets with different DTR from the rising time
distributions (RTD). Finally, we present the synergistic capability of
metascintillators to enhance Cherenkov photons detection when used along
with VUV-sensitive SiPMs.Â