Prephase-Based Equivalent Amplitude Tailoring for Low Sidelobe Levels of
1-Bit Phase-Only Control Metasurface under Plane Wave Incidence
Abstract
A prephase synthesis method is proposed for sidelobe level (SLL)
suppression of a 1-bit phase-only control metasurface under plane wave
incidence. The array factor of the metasurface with N×N unit cells shows
that controlling the number of prephases with varying values over the
reflective surface realizes equivalent amplitude tailoring. Different
from optimizing the prephase distribution, selection of the numbers of 0
and π/2 prephases in specific N regions is used to suppress the SLLs.
Therefore, the parameters in the optimization can be dramatically
reduced from N2 to N. The prephase distribution is
then designed based on the optimized number of prephases and a symmetric
matrix for SLL suppression in the whole space. The SLLs are further
suppressed by optimizing some of the unit cell states based on similar
equivalent amplitude tailoring. Simulation and measurement of a set of
1-bit reflective metasurfaces with 20×20 unit cells verify that the
phase-only control metasurface realizes SLL suppression to -13 dB for
multiple beam directions from -30 to 30 degrees with a 10-degree step
under normal plane wave incidence.