William edited Neon_Argon_and_Mercury_were__.tex  over 8 years ago

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\lambda = \frac{k_{B}T}{\sqrt(2)\sigma P}  \end{equation}  Thus by varying temperature and vapor pressure, the distance an electron travels before interacting with an atom will change.   \par For all elements,fixed value DC voltage sources and potentiometers were replaced by  constant current/constant voltage power supplies with adjustable voltages. voltages were used so that $U_{1}$, $U_{2}$, and $U_{3}$ could be manipulated. Once the optimal settings were found for each element, $U_{1}$ and $U_{3}$ were set at a constant value, and $U_{2}$ was increased incrementally.  In order to obtain the resolution needed to see the complicated shape of the excitation Franck Hertz  curve the anode current was sent through a current preamplifier which converted current to an output voltage. For Argon, the preamplifier was set to convert current to output voltage with sensitivity $50 \frac{nA}{V}$. For Neon, the preamplifier was set to convert current to output voltage with sensitivity $2 \frac{nA}{V}$. The  output voltage from a the  current preamplifier and the accelerating voltage were connected to two separate digital multimeters. Data was obtained for the monatomic gases using a graphing software called DANA, which is directly linked to the output of the Keithley 2100 multimeter (measuring $V_{acc}$) and the Keysight 34465A multimeter ($V_{out}$).Approximately 2000 data points were taken  Not only was the current preamplifier introduced in the experimental setup for Neon and Argon in order to convert current to voltage but it was also used to reduce noise. Since the output of the current preamp was very noisy in the absence of a filter, a basic  lowpass filter was introduced to remove frequencies above $30 Hz$.Further information about the sensitivity of the current preamp can be found in Tables 1 and 2.  While some of this fine structure is clearly visible in the collected data, not enough data was collected for the observed fine structure to be quantifiable.