<h1 class="ltx_title_section">Introduction<br></h1><p>Child mortality is considered as an indicator of child health and well being <cite class="ltx_cite" data-bib-text="
@techreport{unicef_levels_2015,
title = {Levels \&
@techreport{unicef_levels_2015,
title = {Levels \& {Trends} in child mortality},
url = {http://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Child_Mortality_Report_2015_Web_8_Sept_15.pdf},
urldate = {2015-01-11},
institution = {UNICEF, WHO, WB, UNPD},
author = {{UNICEF}},
year = {2015},
file = {IGME report 2015 child mortality final.pdf:C\:\\Users\\Yvan\\AppData\\Roaming\\Zotero\\Zotero\\Profiles\\h35g78wb.default\\zotero\\storage\\XXBCMA2I\\IGME report 2015 child mortality final.pdf:application/pdf}
} {Trends} in child mortality},
url = {http://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Child_Mortality_Report_2015_Web_8_Sept_15.pdf},
urldate = {2015-01-11},
institution = {UNICEF, WHO, WB, UNPD},
author = {{UNICEF}},
year = {2015},
file = {IGME report 2015 child mortality final.pdf:C\:\\Users\\Yvan\\AppData\\Roaming\\Zotero\\Zotero\\Profiles\\h35g78wb.default\\zotero\\storage\\XXBCMA2I\\IGME report 2015 child mortality final.pdf:application/pdf}
}" data-bib-key="unicef_levels_2015" contenteditable="false"><a href="#unicef_levels_2015"><span>UNICEF</span> 2015</a></cite>. Cambodia, a low income country located in South-eastern Asia has recently achieved the Millennium Development Goal for 2015 (MDG 2015), which was to achieve an under 5 years-old-mortality (U5MR) of 39 deaths per 1000 live births <cite class="ltx_cite" data-bib-text="
@techreport{unicef_levels_2015,
title = {Levels \& {Trends} in c
@techreport{unicef_levels_2015,
title = {Levels \& {Trends} in child mortality},
url = {http://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Child_Mortality_Report_2015_Web_8_Sept_15.pdf},
urldate = {2015-01-11},
institution = {UNICEF, WHO, WB, UNPD},
author = {{UNICEF}},
year = {2015},
file = {IGME report 2015 child mortality final.pdf:C\:\\Users\\Yvan\\AppData\\Roaming\\Zotero\\Zotero\\Profiles\\h35g78wb.default\\zotero\\storage\\XXBCMA2I\\IGME report 2015 child mortality final.pdf:application/pdf}
}hild mortality},
url = {http://www.unicef.org/publications/files/Child_Mortality_Report_2015_Web_8_Sept_15.pdf},
urldate = {2015-01-11},
institution = {UNICEF, WHO, WB, UNPD},
author = {{UNICEF}},
year = {2015},
file = {IGME report 2015 child mortality final.pdf:C\:\\Users\\Yvan\\AppData\\Roaming\\Zotero\\Zotero\\Profiles\\h35g78wb.default\\zotero\\storage\\XXBCMA2I\\IGME report 2015 child mortality final.pdf:application/pdf}
}" data-bib-key="unicef_levels_2015" contenteditable="false"><a href="#unicef_levels_2015"><span>UNICEF</span> 2015</a></cite>. Cambodia accomplished an enormous progress during the past decades, going from 117 deaths per 1000 live births in 1990 to 29 in 2015. Rates of Neonatal mortality (number of neonates dying before reaching 28 days of age per 1000 live births) went from 41 in 1990 to 15 in 2015 <cite class="ltx_cite" data-bib-text="
@misc{the_world_bank_mortality_2015,
title = {Mort
@misc{the_world_bank_mortality_2015,
title = {Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births)},
url = {http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.NMRT},
urldate = {2015-01-11},
author = {{The World Bank}},
year = {2015}
}ality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births)},
url = {http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.NMRT},
urldate = {2015-01-11},
author = {{The World Bank}},
year = {2015}
}" data-bib-key="the_world_bank_mortality_2015" contenteditable="false"><a href="#the_world_bank_mortality_2015">the_world_bank_mortality_2015</a></cite>. However, even if at a country level Cambodia attained the MDG 2015, a recent study showed significant inequalities within the country <cite class="ltx_cite" data-bib-text="
@article{jimenez-soto_entrenched_2014,
title = {Entrenched {Geog
@article{jimenez-soto_entrenched_2014,
title = {Entrenched {Geographical} and {Socioeconomic} {Disparities} in {Child} {Mortality}: {Trends} in {Absolute} and {Relative} {Inequalities} in {Cambodia}},
volume = {9},
issn = {1932-6203},
shorttitle = {Entrenched {Geographical} and {Socioeconomic} {Disparities} in {Child} {Mortality}},
url = {http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109044},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0109044},
language = {en},
number = {10},
urldate = {2015-10-27},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
author = {Jimenez-Soto, Eliana and Durham, Jo and Hodge, Andrew},
editor = {Carpenter, David O.},
month = oct,
year = {2014},
pages = {e109044},
file = {pone.0109044.pdf:C\:\\Users\\Yvan\\AppData\\Roaming\\Zotero\\Zotero\\Profiles\\h35g78wb.default\\zotero\\storage\\RB8TIGMI\\pone.0109044.pdf:application/pdf}
}raphical} and {Socioeconomic} {Disparities} in {Child} {Mortality}: {Trends} in {Absolute} and {Relative} {Inequalities} in {Cambodia}},
volume = {9},
issn = {1932-6203},
shorttitle = {Entrenched {Geographical} and {Socioeconomic} {Disparities} in {Child} {Mortality}},
url = {http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109044},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0109044},
language = {en},
number = {10},
urldate = {2015-10-27},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
author = {Jimenez-Soto, Eliana and Durham, Jo and Hodge, Andrew},
editor = {Carpenter, David O.},
month = oct,
year = {2014},
pages = {e109044},
file = {pone.0109044.pdf:C\:\\Users\\Yvan\\AppData\\Roaming\\Zotero\\Zotero\\Profiles\\h35g78wb.default\\zotero\\storage\\RB8TIGMI\\pone.0109044.pdf:application/pdf}
}" data-bib-key="jimenez-soto_entrenched_2014" contenteditable="false"><a href="#jimenez__minus__soto_entrenched_2014">Jimenez-Soto 2014</a></cite>. The authors showed that high-income household have a lower rate of under-5 and neonatal mortality. They also pointed out the disparities in terms of U5MR and neonatal mortality between rural and urban areas (especially in Phnom Penh). <br></p><p>Studies linking neonatal mortality to other variables have already been done in the past. In 2009, Matsuoka and al, listed perceived barriers to utilization of maternal health service in Cambodia <cite class="ltx_cite" data-bib-text="
@article{matsuoka_perceived_2010,
title = {Perceived barriers to utili
@article{matsuoka_perceived_2010,
title = {Perceived barriers to utilization of maternal health services in rural {Cambodia}},
volume = {95},
issn = {01688510},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168851009003352},
doi = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.12.011},
language = {en},
number = {2-3},
urldate = {2015-10-27},
journal = {Health Policy},
author = {Matsuoka, Sadatoshi and Aiga, Hirotsugu and Rasmey, Lon Chan and Rathavy, Tung and Okitsu, Akiko},
month = may,
year = {2010},
pages = {255--263},
file = {1-s2.0-S0168851009003352-main.pdf:C\:\\Users\\Yvan\\AppData\\Roaming\\Zotero\\Zotero\\Profiles\\h35g78wb.default\\zotero\\storage\\3NI29DP7\\1-s2.0-S0168851009003352-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}zation of maternal health services in rural {Cambodia}},
volume = {95},
issn = {01688510},
url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168851009003352},
doi = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.12.011},
language = {en},
number = {2-3},
urldate = {2015-10-27},
journal = {Health Policy},
author = {Matsuoka, Sadatoshi and Aiga, Hirotsugu and Rasmey, Lon Chan and Rathavy, Tung and Okitsu, Akiko},
month = may,
year = {2010},
pages = {255--263},
file = {1-s2.0-S0168851009003352-main.pdf:C\:\\Users\\Yvan\\AppData\\Roaming\\Zotero\\Zotero\\Profiles\\h35g78wb.default\\zotero\\storage\\3NI29DP7\\1-s2.0-S0168851009003352-main.pdf:application/pdf}
}" data-bib-key="matsuoka_perceived_2010" contenteditable="false"><a href="#matsuoka_perceived_2010">Matsuoka 2010</a></cite>. By interviewing a sample of reproductive-age women aged 15-49 years in six different communities, they conclude that 5 main barriers were present: “Financial barriers”, “Physical barriers” which includes poor geographic access to clinics, “Cognitive barriers”, “Organisational barriers” and “Psychological and socio-economical barriers”. In 1998, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy revealed a link between wife-beating and fetal and infant death based on a survey in rural India <cite class="ltx_cite" data-bib-text="@article{Jejeebhoy_1998,
doi = {10.2307/172276},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/172276},
year = 1998,
month = {sep},
publisher = {{JSTOR}},
volume = {29},
number = {3},
pages = {300},
author = {Shireen J. Jejeebhoy},
title = {Associations between Wife-Beating and Fetal and Infant Death: Impressions from a Survey in Rural India},
journal = {Studies in Family Planning}
}" data-bib-key="Jejeebhoy_1998" contenteditable="false"><a href="#Jejeebhoy_1998">Jejeebhoy 1998</a></cite>. More recently, Seetha Menon, in her article: “ Unfinished Lives: The effect of domestic violence on neonatal and infant mortality” <cite class="ltx_cite" data-bib-text="
@techre
@techreport{menon_unfinished_2014,
title = {Unfinished lives: the effect of domestic violence on neonatal \& infant mortality},
shorttitle = {Unfinished lives},
url = {https://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/research/publications/working-papers/iser/2014-27.pdf},
urldate = {2015-11-02},
institution = {Institute for Social and Economic Research},
author = {Menon, Seetha},
year = {2014},
file = {2014-27.pdf:C\:\\Users\\Yvan\\AppData\\Roaming\\Zotero\\Zotero\\Profiles\\h35g78wb.default\\zotero\\storage\\4EJBK8I3\\2014-27.pdf:application/pdf}
}port{menon_unfinished_2014,
title = {Unfinished lives: the effect of domestic violence on neonatal \& infant mortality},
shorttitle = {Unfinished lives},
url = {https://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/research/publications/working-papers/iser/2014-27.pdf},
urldate = {2015-11-02},
institution = {Institute for Social and Economic Research},
author = {Menon, Seetha},
year = {2014},
file = {2014-27.pdf:C\:\\Users\\Yvan\\AppData\\Roaming\\Zotero\\Zotero\\Profiles\\h35g78wb.default\\zotero\\storage\\4EJBK8I3\\2014-27.pdf:application/pdf}
}" data-bib-key="menon_unfinished_2014" contenteditable="false"><a href="#menon_unfinished_2014">Menon 2014</a></cite>, showed a causal relationship between domestic violence and neonatal and infant mortality.<br></p><p>Based on this, this study aim to analyse, by using an exploratory spatial data analysis, the probable linear behaviour between the dependent variable: “Neonatal mortality rate” and other independent variables: “ Household sizes”, “Percentages of households with electricity”, “travel time to the closest health facility” and “total domestic violence” at a district level in Cambodia. <br></p><div><br></div>
