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Alisha Vira edited When_an_external_field_B__.tex
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\subsection{Varying the Polarization time}
When an external field B is applied to a sample, the magnetization M exponentially approaches the equilibrium magnetization. The relationship between the polarization time and the voltage is described by the growth rate. The growth rate of M(t) towards $M_{\infty}$ is described by the following equation,
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:growthrate}
M(t)=M_{\infty}(1-e^\frac{t}{T_1})
\end{equation}
In the equation above, $M_{\infty}$ represents the equilibrium Curie value (Eq. \ref{eq:curielaw}). The time constant $T_1$ is known as the spin-lattice relaxation time. In other words, $T_1$ is the time it takes for the magnetization to exponentially approach $M_{\infty}$.
Eq. \ref{eq:growthrate} is used to describe the relationship between the voltage verses a changing polarization time. \\
The Curie law can derived using $M=n\mu$ where $$ represents the average value of $cos(\theta)$, measuring the alignment between the magnetic moment and the external field B, for all magnetic moments in the sample. The calculation of $$ using classical thermodynamics results in the Curie law. The Curie value can be calculated using the following equation:
\begin{equation}
...
M_o=\frac{n\mu^2B}{3kT}
\end{equation}
\subsection{Varying the current}
However, the same relationship described in Eq. \ref{eq:growthrate} can not be applied to the degree of polarization (or the magnetization). Theory predicts that magnetization follows the relationship described in Equation \textbf{(insert eqn)} because magnetization is effected by quantum factors within the atom as well as the applied magnetic field, so it cannot be as simply modeled by an exponential. \textbf{(cite textbook)}\\
\\
\subsection{Studying Larmor precession}
Larmor precession is when a proton in a magnetic field experiences a magnetic torque that aligns the proton magnetic moment with the field. Due to the angular momentum and spin, the proton's motion is a precession about the magnetic field. Taking $B_{e}= \text{Earth's magnetic field} \approx 50 \mu T$ and $\gamma= 2.675 \cdot 10^8 \frac{1}{s\cdot T}$, mathematically the precession frequency would be around,
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:precession}