David Coil edited Abstract.md  over 8 years ago

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Background: While significant attention has been paid to the potential risk of pathogenic microbes aboard crewed spacecraft, much less has focused on the natural community of microbes in such spaces. Preliminary work has demonstrated that the interior of the International Space Station (ISS) has a microbial community resembling those of built environments on earth. Here we report results of sending 48 bacterial strains, collected from built environments on earth, for a growth experiment on the ISS. This project was a component of Project MERCCURI (Microbial Ecology Research Combining Citizen and University Researchers on ISS).  Results: Of the 48 strains sent to the ISS, 45 of them showed comparable growth in space and on earth. Only one bacterial strain was both uncontaminated and showed a significant difference. _Bacillus safensis_ JPL-MERTA-8-2 grew 60% better in space than on earth, for reasons not yet determined. The vast  majority of species tested in this experiment have also been found in culture-independent surveys of the ISS. Conclusions: The majority of bacteria tested were not affected by microgravity on board the ISS in this experiment, which is potentially reassuring from a crewed spaceflight perspective. Further work on _Bacillus safensis_ could lead to interesting insights on why this bacteria grew so much better in space.