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%  Most prior work that deals with serendipity in a computing context focuses on computational ``discovery''; we argue that serendipity also includes an important ``invention'' aspect.  %   We survey literature describing serendipitous discovery \& and  invention in science and technology, as well as the etymology and definitions of the term ``serendipity''. We propose a model of computational serendipity, building upon and refining previous work. This model suggests a definition of computational serendipity that can be used to evaluate computational systems. To this end we adapt existing recommendations for evaluating computational creativity, to fully develop and apply our model for evaluation of computational serendipity. %  We develop case studies that evaluate the serendipity of existing systems, and contrast computational creativity and other disciplines such as recommender systems here for potential mutual benefit. We then present develop  a thought experiment that applies our model in to  a design for multi-agent environment for computer poetry. %  From these analyses, we extract recommendations for practitioners working with computational serendipity, and outline future directions.  \\[.5cm]  diff --git a/future-work-conclusion.tex b/future-work-conclusion.tex  index 147779c..fa0d468 100644  --- a/future-work-conclusion.tex  +++ b/future-work-conclusion.tex 
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presents an example, showing how one of van Andel's patterns of  serendipity can be rewritten as a design pattern using the template  suggested by our model; in future work, we would aim to build a more  complete pattern language along similar lines, working toward a a  system with properties (1)-(4), above. lines.  The example pattern describes a scenarion scenario  that is quite close to the Pease et al.'s \citeyear{pease2013discussion} description of an online  system that gathers new modules over time, and for which,  periodically, new combinations of modules can yield new and  diff --git a/introduction.tex b/introduction.tex  index fa46d27..6de994a 100644  --- a/introduction.tex  +++ b/introduction.tex 
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An interdisciplinary perspective on the phenomenon of serendipity  promises further illumination. Here, we consider the potential for  formalising this concept.   This paper follows and expands \citeA{pease2013discussion}, where many of the ideas that are developed here were first presented. The current paper reassesses and updates this earlier work, developing it towards a computational characterisation of serendipity for computational computer  modelling and system  evaluation. New claims are advanced, positioning serendipity as a fundamental concept in computational creativity, with exciting potential to play a key role in computational intelligence more broadly. There is particularly interesting potential for serendipity within computational systems whose processes involve interaction with users.\footnote{It should not be assumed, of course, assumed  that a system that can accommodate user interaction would directly lead to serendipity; take for example the use of a calculator, where potential for serendipity through user interaction is(at the greatest stretch of the imagination)  minimal at best.} Serendipity is itself centred on reevaluation. For example, a  non-sticky ``superglue'' that no one was quite sure how to use turned 
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First, in  Section \ref{sec:literature-review}, we survey the broad literature on  serendipity including the  etymology of the term itself, and examine prior applications of the concept of serendipity in a computing context. Then in Section \ref{sec:our-model} we present our formal definition of serendipity, drawing connections with historical examples   and presenting standards for evaluation.We further develop our model towards evaluative standards in Section \ref{specs-overview}.  Section \ref{sec:computational-serendipity} applies our work to computational case studies and  to a thought experiment in computational serendipity. Section  \ref{sec:discussion} offers recommendations for researchers working in the computational modelling of serendipity and related areas such as computational creativity, and describes our own plans for future  diff --git a/recommendations.tex b/recommendations.tex  index b560a13..b0f3695 100644  --- a/recommendations.tex  +++ b/recommendations.tex 
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\bigskip  Paper 4, Rob Saunder's Saunders's  \citeyear{saunders2012towards} ``Towards Autonomous Creative Systems: A Computational Approach'' was the only  contributed paper to emphasise all four of our themes according to the  metric above. Saunders asks: ``What would it mean to produce an  diff --git a/serendipity.tex b/serendipity.tex  index f6a7a50..3579382 100644  --- a/serendipity.tex  +++ b/serendipity.tex 
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