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Evolutionary systems such as GAmprovising necessarily operate in a \textbf{dynamic world} which is evolving continuously and may also be affected by changes in user tastes as they evaluate musical output from Improvisors. The \textbf{multiple contexts} arise from the possibility of having multiple users evaluate the musical output (though this is as yet not implemented formally) or through the user changing their preferences over time. \textbf{Multiple tasks} are carried out by the system including evolution of Improvisors, generation of music by individual Improvisors, capturing of user ratings of a sample of the Improvisors' output, and fitness calculations. \textbf{Multiple influences} are captured through the various combinations of parameters that could be set and the potential range of values for each parameter.
\paragraph{Minimally serendipitous systems}
If applied to a system which could be described as minimally serendipitous at best, and perhaps not at all serendipitous, does our model identify the lack of serendipity?
As example, a spellchecker program identifies spelling errors in text input and optionally can correct spelling automatically. The only situation we can conceive of where serendipity could possibly occur is tenuous; perhaps a suggested correction may be incorrect, but may lead the user to interpret the correction in an unexpected way. In all other aspects that we have considered, spellchecker software would be a decidedly unlikely candidate for harbouring serendipitous opportunities.
The system *** %AARGH how do we begin to do this...! to try and apply our model to a spell checker?Giving up for now. I do think it's worth it, perhaps I'm just a bit tired at this point! Feel free to have a go if you fancy the challenge! AJ
% \paragraph{{[}To add: HR.{]}}
\paragraph{Recommender systems.}
...
% As a general comment, we would say that this is largely how
% \emph{research and development} of recommender systems works, but
% without the same levels of system automony envisioned here.
\small
\begin{table}[ht]%dp]
\caption{Summary of case studies as viewed with our \caption{Summary: applying computational serendipity
model} model to positive case studies}
\begin{center}
\footnotesize
\begin{tabular}{|c|l|l|}
\hline
{\textbf Model part} & Evolutionary music systems & Recommender systems \\
\hline
\hline
%{\em Key Condition} && \\
...
{\em Components} && \\
\hline
\hline
Serendipity trigger
&& & Evolutionary operations and user input & Input from user behaviour \\
\hline
Prepared mind &
Musical knowledge, evolution mechanisms & Through user model/domain model \\
\hline
Bridge &
Creation of newly-evolved Improvisors & Elements identified outside clusters \\
\hline
Result &
& Music generated by fittest Improvisors& Dependent on organisation goals \\
\hline
\hline
{\em Dimensions} && \\
\hline
\hline
Chance &
If discovered in huge search space & If learning from user behaviour \\
\hline
Curiosity &
If a particular user notes an Improvisor & Making unusual recommendations \\
\hline
Sagacity &
User appreciation of Improvisor over time & Updating models after user behaviour \\
\hline
Value &
Via fitness function (proxy of creativity) & As per business metrics/objectives \\
\hline
\hline
{\em Environmental} && \\
{\em Factors} && \\
\hline
\hline
Dynamic
&& & Continuous computational evolution& As precondition for testing system's \\
world
&& & \hspace{3mm}and changes in user tastes & \hspace{3mm} influences on user behaviour\\
\hline
Multiple
&& & Multiple & User model and domain model\\
contexts
&& & \hspace{3mm}users opinions? & \\
\hline
Multiple
&& & Evolving Improvisors, generating music, & Making recommendations, learning\\
tasks
&& & \hspace{3mm}collecting user input, fitness calculations& \hspace{3mm}from users, updating models \\
\hline
Multiple
&& & Through various musical& Experimental design, psychology, \\
influences
&& &\hspace{3mm}parameter combinations& \hspace{3mm} domain understanding\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}