Damien Irving edited introduction.tex  over 8 years ago

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\section{Introduction}  The Pacific South-American (PSA) pattern comprises has long been recognized as an important mode  of regional climate variability. Formally named by \cite{Mo1987}, the pattern was identified in  a negative sea level pressure (or upper-tropospheric geopotential height) anomaly east number of analyses  ofNew Zealand, a positive anomaly in  the south-east Pacific over large-scale Southern Hemisphere circulation during  the Amundsen Sea, late 1980s  and a negative anomaly over early 1990s \citep[e.g.][]{Lau1994}. A link between  the South America / Weddell Sea region. The name pattern and Rossby wave dispersion associated with El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was soon identified \citep[e.g.][]{Karoly1989}, and this work  was coined followed  byMo & Ghil 1987, but  a number of papers around that time identified this recurrent more detailed analyses of the characteristics of the pattern  and persistent its downstream impacts \citep[e.g.][]{Mo1998,Mo2000,Mo2001}. Interest in the PSA  pattern has resurfaced  in recent years, in relation to  the SH circulation. rapid climatic changes observed in and around West Antarctica. Given the global significance of these changes, we feel that it is important to revisit our understanding of the PSA pattern and its role in high latitude climate variability.