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Assessing Thermospheric Neutral Density Models using GEODYN's Precision Orbit Determination
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  • Zachary C. Waldron,
  • Katherine Garcia-Sage,
  • Jeffrey P. Thayer,
  • Eric K Sutton,
  • Vishal Ray,
  • David D Rowlands,
  • Frank G Lemoine,
  • Scott B Luthcke,
  • Maria M. Kuznetsova,
  • Rebecca Ringuette,
  • Lutz Rastaetter,
  • Grant Berland
Zachary C. Waldron
University of Colorado Boulder

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Katherine Garcia-Sage
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
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Jeffrey P. Thayer
University of Colorado Boulder
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Eric K Sutton
University of Colorado at Boulder
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Vishal Ray
Kayhan Space
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David D Rowlands
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
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Frank G Lemoine
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
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Scott B Luthcke
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
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Maria M. Kuznetsova
NASA Goddard SFC
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Rebecca Ringuette
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
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Lutz Rastaetter
NASA/GSFC
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Grant Berland
University of Colorado Boulder
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Abstract

This study focuses on utilizing the increasing availability of satellite trajectory data from global navigation satellite system-enabled low-Earth orbiting satellites and their precision orbit determination (POD) solutions to expand and refine thermospheric model validation capabilities. The research introduces an updated interface for the GEODYN-II POD software, leveraging high-precision space geodetic POD to investigate satellite drag and assess density models. This work presents a case study to examine five models (NRLMSIS2.0, DTM2020, JB2008, TIEGCM, and CTIPe) using precise science orbit (PSO) solutions of the Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2). The PSO is used as tracking measurements to construct orbit fits, enabling an evaluation according to each model’s ability to redetermine the orbit. Relative in-track deviations, quantified by in-track residuals and root-mean-square errors (RMSe), are treated as proxies for model densities that differ from an unknown true density. The study investigates assumptions related to the treatment of the drag coefficient and leverages them to eliminate bias and effectively scale model density. Assessment results and interpretations are dictated by the timescale at which the scaling occurs. JB2008 requires the least scaling (~-23%) to achieve orbit fits closely matching the PSO within an in-track RMSe of 9 m when scaled over two weeks and 4 m when scaled daily. The remaining models require substantial scaling of the mean density offset (~30-75%) to construct orbit fits that meet the aforementioned RMSe criteria. All models exhibit slight over or under sensitivity to geomagnetic activity according to trends in their 24-hour scaling factors.
23 Jun 2023Submitted to ESS Open Archive
25 Jun 2023Published in ESS Open Archive