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Lorenzo Perozzi edited Conclusions.tex
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\section{Conclusions}
Ultrasonic measurements have been done on Cairnside and Covey Hill samples of the sedimentary basin of the St. Lawrence Platform in southern Quebec. The results shows that P- wave are sensitive to pore fluid substitution at laboratory scale and seismic measurements are able to detect the phase transition from gaseous CO$_2$ to liquid or supercritical CO$_2$ in both velocity and amplitude attribute. Laboratory measurements have been used for calibrating the geological model that has been used as input to simulate a CO$_2$ injection. A series of VSP synthetic seismograms reproducing the CO$_2$ evolution during 15 years of injection and 35 year of CO$_2$ migration has been realized.
The geostatistical approach used to generate our synthetic model allowed us to obtain a realistic seismic
response. response compared to a traditional blocky model. The results obtained shows quite well the effect of CO$_2$
on the traces which is indicated by a
depth shift time-delay of
certain reflectors arrivals, corresponding
probably to a decrease in velocity when supercritical CO$_2$ replaces brine in pore spaces.
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As there is almost no evolution of the CO$_2$ plume during the injection, it is unlikable to detect any variation in the seismic. However, as the CO$_2$ has been partially dissoluted during the migration time, the VSP is able to detect an early arrival of signal compared to the 15 years scenario.
Taking into account these considerations and for a real case, we must certainly pay attention to the influence that injection pressure can have on the seismic response .