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Nathan edited section_Abstract_Stenotrophomonas_maltophilia_has__.tex
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\section{Abstract}
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has both negative and positive attributes by being a human pathogen and plant growth promoting rhizobacterium. A series of experiments were conducted in the laboratory to determine if environmental and clinical isolates of S. maltophilia are phenotypically distinct. A total of 18 S. maltophilia isolates from clinical and environmental sources as well as and two controls K56-2 (pathogenic to plants) and DH5α (Ecoli) were investigated. Results of gyrB phylogenetic analysis of the isolates showed that two of the clinical isolates (CDC 2007-07-01 and D457) are very closely related. Under normal growing conditions, S. maltophila isolates did not enhance growth of canola seedlings. However, under sodium chloride stress (6 decisiemens per meter or 0.33\% NaCl), canola seedlings inoculated with S. maltophilia isolates had significantly (P < 0.05) higher number of root branches (isolate D457), root length (D457, CDC 2004-33-01-01 and CDC 2007-23-08-03) and stem length (D457, CDC 2005-37-11-04 and CDC 2011-01-42) than the “no bacteria” control. This may be an indication that S. maltophilia isolates played a role in the recovery of plants from sodium chloride stress. In order to investigate the potential of S. maltophilia isolates to protect canola plants against the harmful effect of the fungus Leptosphaeria maculans, the causal pathogen of blackleg, and the plant pathogenic bacterium Burkholderia cenocepacia (K 56-2), a number of experiments were conducted with varying sequence of pathogen inoculations. The results show that growth of canola seedlings exposed to L. maculans was enhanced only when seedlings were inoculated with an S. maltophilia isolate, regardless of the sequence of inoculation. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher root branching occurred in canola seedlings when four S. maltophilia isolates (D457, CDC 2007-07-01, K279a and ATCC 13637) or DH5α and K 56-2 were simultaneously inoculated onto the seedlings. Taken together, the results of this study did not provide evidence of clear differences between clinical and environmental isolates based on the growth parameters investigated. Abstract text here.
