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\subsection{Effect of temperature on \textit{F. tularensis} virulence}  Transcriptional activation of \textit{F. tularensis} virulence factors is at least partially controlled by temperature \cite{18842136}. This is particularly interesting given that \textit{F. tularensis} is well-known to be transmitted to mammals by ticks and other arthropod vectors (** insert tick references **) and, thus, the bacterium encounters dramatically different temperatures in its varied hosts. Since insects are ectothermic, taking on the ambient temperature of their surroundings, we sought to determine the impact of varied temperatures on \textit{F. tularensis} pathogenesis inside the OS cockroach. Serial dilutions of \textit{F. tularensis} were injected into the hemocoel of juvenile OS cockroaches and their survival rates were monitored over the course of 8 days at 22°C, 30°C, 37°C, or 40°C. Overall, we found that higher temperatures correlated with higher LVS virulence in the OS cockroach (Figure (\textbf{Figure  3, Table 1). 1}).  Post-infection incubations at either 37°C or 40°C resulted in rapid OS cockroach death (mean time-to-death ??? days), of 3.6 and 3.2 days, respectively),  with no survivors in either the 37°C or 40°C incubation groups (Figure 3). (\textbf{Figure 3}).  By comparison, post-infection incubations at the lower temperatures of 22°C or 30°C resulted in delayed time-to-death for both groups and some surviving cockroaches, despite slightly higher inoculums (Figure 3). (\textbf{Figure 3}).  At 30°C, 20 percent of cockroaches survived \textit{F. tularensis} LVS infection (mean with a mean  time-to-death ??? days) and at of 6.14 days. At  22°C, 30 percent of cockroaches survived \textit{F. tularensis} LVS infection. infection with a mean time-to-death of 6.33 days.  There were no significance differences between cockroach survival at 22°C and 30°C or between cockroach survival at 37°C and 40°C. However, cockroach survival at both of  the lower temperatures (22°C and 30°C) was significantly different from cockroach survival at both of  the higher temperatures (37°C and 40°C; all p<0.001).