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\section{Results}  \subsection{Challenge of \textit{B. dubia} with \textit{F. tularensis} LVS}  To determine if OS cockroach survival was proportional to the number of bacterial cells present in the challenge inoculum, serial dilutions of \textit{F. tularensis} LVS cells were injected into into the hemocoel of juvenile insects. insects that measured greater than 1.5 cm in length.  Challenged animals were housed at 37$^{\circ}$C and survival was monitored for 7 days. The percentage of each group that survived the challenge and the rate of death were dose-dependent; all OS cockroaches challenged with 10^{5} CFU of \textit{F. tularensis} LVS died by five days post challenge while only a single animal challenged with 10^{3} CFU of \textit{F. tularensis} LVS died during the course of the experiment (Figure 2). Injection of PBS alone did not result in any deaths.