Robert Orzanna edited Introduction.tex  over 9 years ago

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\section{Introduction}  \subsection{Societal background or problem}  Globally, about one-third of food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted, equalling an estimated amount of 1.3 billion tons per year \cite{gustavsson_global_2011}. The differences between regions are enormous. In Europe and North America consumers waste around 95-115 kg/year, compared to only 6-11 kg/year in sub-Saharan Africa and South/Southeast Asia. These are the results of a study commissioned by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations to raise awareness on the dramatic evidence of inefficient food utilisation. Not only that food wastage poses an ethical dilemma regarding people suffering from hunger but and malnutrition,  it also has significant environmental implications. Food that is doomed for spoilage has been grown without use, thus contributing to unnecessary use of fertile land, water for irrigation, and energy for agricultural production and transport, as well as energy use for waste collection and treatment. \subsection{Scientific background and previous studies}  % What is the underlying scientific problem and what are the most important contributions in this area?  In acknowledgement of the problem, many countries have tackled the challenge to significantly reduce food wastage in the upcoming years. Likewise, the European Commission has announced 2014 as the year against food waste. In the Netherlands, the government aims at reducing food wastage by 20\% in 2015 \cite{ministerie_van_landbouw_voedselverspilling_2010}. However,there are only a limited amount of However, as two comparable  studies dedicated to from 2010 and 2013 have shown, on a household level there was no reduction in  food wastage wastage. Compared to 48kg of the avoidable fraction  in Dutch households, with significant differences 2010,  in results. Widely cited studies were done by \citep{van_westerhoven_bepaling_2013} and \citep{van_westerhoven_eindrapport_2010}. 2013 the avoidable fraction amounted to 47kg per year \cite{van_westerhoven_bepaling_2013,van_westerhoven_eindrapport_2010}.  % Please add the following required packages to your document preamble:  % \usepackage{booktabs}