Tanika Scherbinski edited Impacts Africa climate change.tex  almost 10 years ago

Commit id: e450cfc831aedd0b2961550184bbdd0b7c9e12ea

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\textit{"Smallholder farmers in develop- ing countries, in particular Sub-Sahelian Africa largely practice rainfed agriculture and forestry, and therefore depend on complex interactions of monsoon systems and local heat and hydrological feedbacks which dictate the temporality and spatiality of rainfall [3–5]."} \cite{Lasco_2014}  "An increased atmospheric temperature causes a decreased atmospheric moisture saturation and a reduced cloud cover, which decreases the probability of precipitation (Ek & Holtslag, 2004). Second, as the soil is drying out, its albedo usually increases (Idso et al., 1975). An increased albedo causes a decreased net radiation, which in turn causes decreased evaporation (thus less rainfall), but also decreased sensible heat flux. How the latter translates into the probability of precipitation depends on the atmospheric moisture content itself. [...] Finally, there is a third mechanism that is frequently mentioned as enhancing drought. Dry soils are often susceptible to wind erosion causing increased fine dust in the atmosphere. Fine dust particles inhibit cloud formation (Namia, 1983; Chapter 4) and thus decrease the probability of rain." Artikel Bierkens & Hurk \cite{Bierkens2008}