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\section{Introduction}  Several decades of scientic work on a better understanding of the earth's climate system has have  led to increasing certainty that changes in the climate system are influenced by human activity. As the 5th Assessment Report of the IPCC notes, there is 95\% confidence that the increase in global surface temperature is caused by the anthropogenic increase in greenhouse gas concentrations \cite{stocker2013climate}. As a result, more extreme weather occurrences such as heavy precipitation and extreme droughts have been predicted for many regions for the upcoming decades. Coping with changes in weather patterns requires mitigation measures to reduce future GHG emissions along with adaptation measures, particlarly in those regions that will be severely affected by future weather extremes. In most of the developed Annex I countries, a well-functioning governance system is providing the financial sources and institutional stability for large-scale investments in adaptation and mitigation measures within their national territories. In many developing countries, however, governance and institutions are poorly developed, resulting in a lack of financial investments to cope with climate change. Under these circumstances affordable measures are required to be taken by citizens themselves on a local scale to avoid adverse effects on the individual lives of people.