Tanika Scherbinski edited Review of major adaptation methods.tex  almost 10 years ago

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In another study multiple cropping systems is also identified as a coping strategy \cite{Waha_2013}. These strategies will now be discussed with the exception of planting trees wich will be discussed in the next section.  \textit{\textit{Two methods to deal with the shorter growing periods are: early and late planting, and multiple cropping systems. A multiple cropping system is when two or more crops grow in the same field either at the same time or sequentially. By growing more than one crop the risk of complete failure is reduced, and albedo, ground cover, sequestration potential and soil erosion are influenced. If properly applied the multiple cropping systems intensify the land use and therefore increase the yield per m2, which leads to an increase income and food security \cite{Waha_2013}. }}  \textit{\textit{Early Early  and late planting, the second method of dealing with the length of the growing period, is the easiest adaptation measure smallholder farmers can apply. As earlier mentioned, most smallholder farmers rely on seasonal rain, and therefore their growing period is determined by seasonal rain. If these farmers would not plant their crops on the traditional days but at the start of main rainy season, be it earlier or later than the traditional date, they will better match their crops to the growing period. Simulations indicate that his will deliver a higher crop yield that traditional planting dates \cite{Waha_2013}. Many of the identified strategies are found back in agroforestry. Therefore in the following sections specifically focuses on characteristics of agroforestry methods.