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Glaziou edited section_Drug_resistance_Global_and__.tex
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\subsection{MDR-TB mortality}
The VR mortality data reported to WHO by Member States does not differentiate between MDR-TB and non-MDR-TB as a cause of
death (there death. There is no specific ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes for MDR-TB, although countries such as South Africa have allocated two specific codes \textit{U51} and \textit{U52} to classify deaths from MDR-TB and XDR-TB
respectively). respectively. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature
was were undertaken to estimate the relative risk of dying from MDR-TB compared with non MDR-TB. The global estimate of MDR-TB deaths (Chapter 2) was then based on the following formula:
\begin{align*}
m = M.p.r
\end{align*}
Where: where $m$
= denotes global MDR-TB mortality, $M$
= is global TB mortality, $p$
= is the overall proportion of MDR-TB among prevalent TB cases, approximated by the weighted average of the proportion of new and retreated cases that have
MDR-TB, MDR-TB and $r$
= is the relative risk of dying from MDR-TB versus non-MDR-TB.
\subsection{Number of incident cases of MDR-TB}
...
\begin{enumerate}
\item incident MDR-TB among new pulmonary and extra-pulmonary incident TB cases, using the proportion of MDR-TB among new cases from drug resistance surveillance (DRS);
\item incident MDR-TB among relapses, using the proportion of MDR-TB among new cases from DRS and the estimated relative risk of MDR among relapse versus new cases; and
\item incident MDR-TB among retreated cases that are not relapses, which was assumed to follow a uniform distribution with
min=0, max=upper bounds 0 and the upper limit of the global proportion of MDR-TB among retreated cases estimated from DRS.
\end{enumerate}