Glaziou edited section_Drug_resistance_Global_and__.tex  over 8 years ago

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\subsection{MDR-TB mortality}  The VR mortality data reported to WHO by Member States does not differentiate between MDR-TB and non-MDR-TB as a cause of death (there death. There  is no specific ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes for MDR-TB, although countries such as South Africa have allocated two specific codes \textit{U51} and \textit{U52} to classify deaths from MDR-TB and XDR-TB respectively). respectively.  Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature was were  undertaken to estimate the relative risk of dying from MDR-TB compared with non MDR-TB. The global estimate of MDR-TB deaths (Chapter 2) was then based on the following formula: \begin{align*}  m = M.p.r  \end{align*}  Where: where  $m$ = denotes  global MDR-TB mortality, $M$ = is  global TB mortality, $p$ = is the  overall proportion of MDR-TB among prevalent TB cases, approximated by the weighted average of the proportion of new and retreated cases that have MDR-TB, MDR-TB and  $r$ = is  the relative risk of dying from MDR-TB versus non-MDR-TB. \subsection{Number of incident cases of MDR-TB} 

\begin{enumerate}  \item incident MDR-TB among new pulmonary and extra-pulmonary incident TB cases, using the proportion of MDR-TB among new cases from drug resistance surveillance (DRS);   \item incident MDR-TB among relapses, using the proportion of MDR-TB among new cases from DRS and the estimated relative risk of MDR among relapse versus new cases; and  \item incident MDR-TB among retreated cases that are not relapses, which was assumed to follow a uniform distribution with min=0, max=upper bounds 0 and the upper  limit of the global proportion of MDR-TB among retreated cases estimated from DRS. \end{enumerate}