deletions | additions       diff --git a/While_there_are_some_nationwide__.tex b/While_there_are_some_nationwide__.tex  index 93101ed..fcb49be 100644  --- a/While_there_are_some_nationwide__.tex  +++ b/While_there_are_some_nationwide__.tex 
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Producing estimates of TB incidence among children is challenging primarily due to the lack of child-friendly tools to confirm diagnosis of TB and the lack of age-specific, nationwide, robust survey and surveillance data. However, progress is being made, based on collaborations established in 2013 between WHO and academic groups working on the estimation of TB disease burden among children, as well as recommendations from a global consultation on methods to estimate TB disease burden held earlier in 2015. As a result, methods to estimate TB incidence were updated for this report compared with those used to produce estimates published in 2013 and 2014. The updated methods involve use of a statistical ensemble approach in which results from two independent methods are combined with the original WHO approach that featured in the 2012 Global TB Report.   The first method is based on the original WHO approach that estimated incidence of TB among children using case notification data among ages 0-14 combined with expert opinion about case detection gaps (as described in section 4.1.1) assuming these were the same in children as in TB cases of all ages. For the first time in this year’s report child specific case detection gaps are being used as estimated according to a previously published method\cite{Jenkins_2014} that has been updated to use more recent notification and other available data\cite{Sismanidis_2014}. This method estimates the proportion of all TB cases that are in children as a function of expected age-specific proportions of smear-positive TB among different age groups. A second method, independent of case notification data, estimates TB incidence in children using a dynamic model that simulates the course of natural history of TB in children, starting from estimates of tuberculous infection in children as a function of demographic and adult TB prevalence and subsequently modelling progression to pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis disease taking into account country-level BCG vaccination coverage and HIV prevalence\cite{Dodd_2014}.   Both methods produce country level estimates which are then aggregated at the regional and global levels.  Since the two methods can be assumed independent in their approach to estimate the same parameter, they have been combined using the same ensemble approach described in section 4.1.3, with a resulting combined density plot for the global estimate of TB incidence in children for 2014 shown in Figure